25 Biology General Knowledge MCQ Questions and Answers

Question 1: What is the study of the interactions between living organisms and their environment called?
a) Anthropology
b) Ecology
c) Zoology
d) Paleontology

Answer: b) Ecology

Question 2: Which part of a cell is often referred to as the “powerhouse” due to its role in energy production?
a) Nucleus
b) Golgi apparatus
c) Mitochondria
d) Endoplasmic reticulum

Answer: c) Mitochondria

Question 3: Which molecule carries amino acids to the ribosomes during protein synthesis?
a) RNA
b) DNA
c) ATP
d) mRNA

Answer: a) RNA

Question 4: What is the process by which plants lose water vapor through small pores on their leaves?
a) Transpiration
b) Photosynthesis
c) Osmosis
d) Respiration

Answer: a) Transpiration

Question 5: Which organelle is responsible for detoxifying harmful substances and producing lipids?
a) Nucleus
b) Chloroplast
c) Lysosome
d) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Answer: d) Smooth endoplasmic reticulum

Question 6: Which blood type is considered the universal donor?
a) A
b) B
c) AB
d) O

Answer: d) O

Question 7: Which process involves the breaking down of glucose to produce energy in the absence of oxygen?
a) Fermentation
b) Respiration
c) Photosynthesis
d) Oxidation

Answer: a) Fermentation

Question 8: Which part of the human eye is responsible for controlling the amount of light entering the eye?
a) Cornea
b) Retina
c) Lens
d) Iris

Answer: d) Iris

Question 9: Which disease is characterized by the loss of bone density, making bones brittle and prone to fractures?
a) Osteoporosis
b) Arthritis
c) Diabetes
d) Hypertension

Answer: a) Osteoporosis

Question 10: What is the smallest unit of an element that retains its chemical properties?
a) Molecule
b) Cell
c) Atom
d) Compound

Answer: c) Atom

Question 11: Which hormone is responsible for regulating sleep-wake cycles and is often referred to as the “sleep hormone”?
a) Insulin
b) Estrogen
c) Melatonin
d) Adrenaline

Answer: c) Melatonin

Question 12: Which part of a plant anchors it in the soil and absorbs water and nutrients?
a) Stem
b) Leaf
c) Flower
d) Root

Answer: d) Root

Question 13: What is the process by which green plants convert light energy into chemical energy in the form of glucose?
a) Respiration
b) Digestion
c) Fermentation
d) Photosynthesis

Answer: d) Photosynthesis

Question 14: Which type of cell division is responsible for producing gametes (sperm and egg cells)?
a) Meiosis
b) Mitosis
c) Binary fission
d) Budding

Answer: a) Meiosis

Question 15: Which system is responsible for coordinating body functions through hormones?
a) Nervous system
b) Digestive system
c) Muscular system
d) Endocrine system

Answer: d) Endocrine system

Question 16: What is the process by which plants release excess water vapor into the atmosphere?
a) Transpiration
b) Respiration
c) Evaporation
d) Condensation

Answer: a) Transpiration

Question 17: Which molecule stores and transfers genetic information in all living organisms?
a) RNA
b) Protein
c) Carbohydrate
d) DNA

Answer: d) DNA

Question 18: Which organ in the human body is responsible for producing bile to aid in digestion?
a) Pancreas
b) Liver
c) Stomach
d) Kidney

Answer: b) Liver

Question 19: What is the process by which an organism develops from a fertilized egg cell to a mature individual?
a) Evolution
b) Adaptation
c) Reproduction
d) Development

Answer: d) Development

Question 20: Which part of the ear is responsible for transmitting sound vibrations to the inner ear?
a) Eardrum
b) Cochlea
c) Auditory canal
d) Tympanic membrane

Answer: a) Eardrum

Question 21: Which type of joint allows for the most movement, such as the shoulder and hip joints?
a) Hinge joint
b) Ball-and-socket joint
c) Pivot joint
d) Fixed joint

Answer: b) Ball-and-socket joint

Question 22: Which part of a flower contains the female reproductive structures?
a) Stamen
b) Petal
c) Sepal
d) Pistil

Answer: d) Pistil

Question 23: What is the scientific name for the “voice box” in humans?
a) Larynx
b) Pharynx
c) Trachea
d) Esophagus

Answer: a) Larynx

Question 24: Which gas is released by plants during photosynthesis?
a) Carbon dioxide
b) Oxygen
c) Nitrogen
d) Hydrogen

Answer: b) Oxygen

Question 25: Which part of the nervous system is responsible for involuntary actions like heartbeat and digestion?
a) Central nervous system
b) Peripheral nervous system
c) Autonomic nervous system
d) Somatic nervous system

Answer: c) Autonomic nervous system